International Journal of Clinical Images and Medical Reviews

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001156

Articular cartilage is frequently damaged as a result of trauma or degenerative joint disease, and because it is an avascular and poorly cellularized tissue in adults, its capacity for spontaneous repair is limited (Hanie et al., 1992; Hurtig et al., 1988; Vachon et al., 1986). Indeed, only osteochondral defects, which affect both the subchondral bone and cartilage exhibit a repair process that leads to the formation of fibrocartilage. This fibrocartilage does not however display the mechanical properties of native articular cartilage (Buckwalter and Mankin, 1998) and unfortunately degrades rapidly.

Recurrent cutaneous myoepithelioma of the scalp case report: management and histological analysis.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001154

Myoepithelial cell neoplasms consists of an uncommon group of tumors. These may be both malignant and benign. Even if rare there is a quite proper characterization. Actually, the best known is the salivary gland myoepithelioma, but recently extra salivary examples have been reported (1). In this clinical case, a cutaneous location of myoepithelioma (CM) is described. This is an even more under-recognized tumor that generally behaves in a benign fashion.

Role of Ultrasonography in Peripheral Nerve Involvement in Leprosy: A Cross-sectional Study

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001153

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae). Two key components of the disease are skin and nerve involvement. Leprosy patients develop anaesthesia of hands and feet, which puts them at risk of developing deformity and contractures.(7) Loss of fingers and toes is caused by repeated injury in weak, anaesthetic limbs, and these visible deformities cause significant stigmatisation. Mononeuritis multiplexis a typical presentation of leprosy. (8) Diagnosis is based on the recognition of anesthetic skin lesions, identification of enlarged nerves, and the demonstration of the causative organism M leprae.

Ultrasound Finding of Subclinical Joint and Tendon Inflammation of the Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001152

According to clinical manifestations, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can be classified as a mild, moderate, or severe disease, which is significant for treatment selection. Musculoskeletal manifestations are considered mild, but in practice, they can often persist, relapse, and be resistant to treatment, requiring the use of multiple therapy modalities and potent immunosuppressants. Musculoskeletal manifestations occur in approximately 95% of patients, with around 50% experiencing them as the initial presenting symptom [1,2]. These manifestations can be symptomatic (clinically recognizable) or asymptomatic, causing significant disability and socio-economic consequences [3].

Metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma in the orbit as first manifestation of extrahepatic spread- A case report and review of the literature

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001151

Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies globally, being the sixth cause of cancer and third in cancer-related mortality [1]. Its’ incidence is expected to rise even further by 2040 [1]. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) consists of the 75-85% of all primary liver malignant neoplasms. Liver cirrhosis of any cause is the most important risk factor for HCC development [2]. Extrahepatic metastatic HCC was estimated at 15-50% [3-7] with the most common sites being the lungs (47-55%), lymph nodes (45-53%), bones (28-37%) and adrenal glands (11-12%) [8].

Selection of FFPE blocks with confocal microscope to reduce routine workload in pathol- ogy department

Original Research

In the current setting of a pathology department, the entire workflow from fresh specimen to formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks and HE stained microscopic slides is resource-intensive due to lack of automation. However, shortcuts in the workflow may be an interesting introduction prior to a more complete automation and double us as a resource saving method in a pathology department. We decided to study such a potential shortcut in workflow by focusing on the step between paraffin embedding and the production of H&E stained slides.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001150

Bilateral frontal Sinus Ectopic Angiofibroma: Focus on management of a rare lesion with unusual presentation.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001149

Extranasopharyngeal angiofibromas (ENA) involving paranasal sinuses represent an unusual finding and the localization at the level of frontal sinus is an extremely rare event with few cases reported inliterature [1,2]. The clinical presentation is aspecific, lacking the typical features of their more common nasopharyngeal counterpart with which they share the histological characteristics.

Risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients with hemorrhage spontaneous cerebral

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001148

Spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage is non-aneurysmal or intracranial hemorrhage not associated with trauma or other structural injury. It constitutes 10-15% of all strokes1. Depending on the location, it can be supratentorial or infratentorial. Its most frequent location is in the basal ganglia, associated with the most frequent cause, which is uncontrolled arterial hypertension, its incidence increasing with age2.

Prevalence and impact of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Infants and Children

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001145

Definition: GER is the passage of gastric content from the stomach to the esophagus, with or without regurgitation or vomiting.[1] GER is a common chronic GI disorder. As per [2], It is normal physiologically, typically after meals, it occurs throughout the day in infants and decreases in frequency in children and adolescents. It may be asymptomatic or cause mild regurgitation or rarely vomiting. Regurgitation is caused by passive reflux from the stomach into the pharynx or oral cavity.

Study on the expression of RAD51 in non-small cell lung cancer based on Bioinformatics

Research Paper

Lung cancer remains the most common cause of cancer and cancer death worldwide [1]. More than 50% of patients die within the first year of lung cancer diagnosis, and the 5-year survival rate is less than 20%[2]. According to the latest survey, there were 787,000 new cases of lung cancer in China, with an incidence rate of 57.26/100,000 and a death rate of 63,100, respectively, with a mortality rate of 45.87/100,000. Compared with 2010, the number of new cases increased by 25.56%[3].

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001144

Dural Tail Sign

Clinical Images

A 74-year-old right-handed male presented with headaches, paroxysmal cervical pain and gait instability that worsened during exercise walking. Neurological examination demonstrated proximal right lower extremity weakness. T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging illustrated a well-delineated 26×23-mm mass with homogeneous enhancement, located in the right parietal convexity and associated with extensive edema. The presence of a dural tail (Figure 1, arrows) suggested the diagnosis of meningioma.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.04.001140

An Uncommon finding of a Parathyroid lesion.

Short Communication

A 71- year- old Caucasian woman was admitted for hypercalcemia (3,15 mmol/l), discovered in the context of peritoneal carcinomatosis of unknown primitive. Laboratory evaluation revealed a primary hyperparathyroidism with an increased PTH level (176 pg/ml), whereas PTHrp was not detectable. Cervical ultrasonography showed a nodular formation of the right superior parathyroid gland (P4), which was well defined, hypoechoic, surrounded by a bright interface and located behind the thyroid (figure 1). There were no morphological abnormalities apparent in the other 3 parathyroid glands.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.04.001139

Liver transplantation for favipiravir-induced cholestasis and alcohol consumption - A case report and literature review

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001137

Clinical data indicate that patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) often had abnormal liver function tests, such as aspartate transferase (AST) and alanine transferase (ALT) [1]. Acute liver injury is defined based on the upper limit of normal (ULN) serum concentration of ALT, AST, and total bilirubin as follows: Increased ALT more than 5-fold ULN or ALP more than 2-fold ULN (in the absence of bone pathology), or simultaneous increase of ALT ≥3-times ULN and total bilirubin concentration more than 2-times ULN [2].

Reversal of acute liver failure due to Wilson’s disease in an adult without liver transplant: role of intravenous albumin and plasmapheresis

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001136

Wilson’s Disease (WD) is a recessively inherited autosomal disease related to mutations in the ATP7B gene caused by the accumulation of excess copper in the body, particularly in the liver, brain, and kidney. It especially affects children and young adults, but it can occur before three and after 40 years of age1. The clinical profile of hepatic manifestations may vary from asymptomatic biochemical abnormalities and steatosis to acute hepatitis, acute liver failure, chronic hepatitis, and cirrhosis.

A Case of autoimmune Hypophysitis induced by Ipilimumab/Nivolumab combination therapy for Metastatic Melanoma

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001135

An 83-year-old Chinese gentleman presented to the Accident and Emergency department in July 2021 for severe non-vertigo dizziness and fatigue. He is an ex-smoker and ex-drinker, with a past medical history of pulmonary tuberculosis in 2009. 10 months prior to presentation, in September 2020, he was diagnosed with BRAF-negative metastatic melanoma of scrotum with groin and external iliac lymph node metastasis.

Student and Teacher Satisfaction with Online Mode of Postgraduate Examination

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001134

In the COVID- 19 era, learning organizations cannot lag in the use of new technologies[1]. Higher Education Institutions all over the world are increasingly adopting and implementing online modes.[2,3] Many institutions in developing countries are facing challenges with online examinations due to a lack of sensitization of students to online mode and lack of preparation of students, and lack of internet facilities in some areas.[4] In India, a nationwide lockdown was implemented due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic towards the end of March 2020 leading to immense disruption of routine hospital services and residency training.

A Challenging Case of Unsuccessful Percutaneous Nephrostomy Tube Replacement for Management of Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2023.04.001133

A 62-year-old female initially presented in septic shock with altered mental status and was found to have left renal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) on CT scan of the C/A/P (characteristic image in Figure 1). She had percutaneous nephrostomy tube (PCN) placement for management in addition to antibiotics and supportive care. She was subsequently discharged on culture-directed oral antibiotics with PCN to drainage and plan for interval simple nephrectomy of minimally functional XGP kidney.

Percutaneous ligamentum flavum cyst rupture by interlaminar epidural approach - A case report and literature review

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001132

A ligamentum flavum cyst (LFC) was first reported by Moiel et al. in 1967 [1]. It represents a rare cause of lumbar nerve root compression or spinal stenosis. LFC is a juxtafacet cyst (JFC), which was reported in 1974 to describe synovial and ganglion cysts that are adjacent to the facet joints [2]. A previous study evaluated cystic origins intraoperatively in 58 cases and suggested that JFCs may originate from three anatomic structures and present as facet cysts, flavum cysts, and posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) cysts [3]. The cyst causes back pain and lower leg pain. The treatment of choice is surgical intervention, and conservative treatment is also one of the treatments.

Pachydermoperiostosis (Touraine–Solente–Gole syndrome) imitating Acromegaly

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001131

PDP is the primary form of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) which should be distinguished from the secondary form of HOA, which is much more frequent and mostly associated with severe pulmonary disease, bronchogenic carcinoma, lung empyema, bronchiectasis, congenital heart disease, and thyroid or GI malignancy 1. It was first described by Friedreich2 in 1868, who called it ‘Hyperostosis of the entire skeleton’. In 1907, Unna named the term ‘cutis verticis gyrate’ for thick, transversely folded skin of scalp and forehead.

INDICATORS OF DAILY MONITORING OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND TROPHOBLAST FUNCTION IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND PRE-ECLAMPSIA

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001130

Preeclampsia, remaining one of the most frequent and dangerous complications of pregnancy and childbirth for many years, is one of the main causes of maternal perinatal morbidity and mortality[4]. In Russia, despite the decline in the absolute number of births observed in the last decade, the frequency of preeclampsia increases from year to year, reaching 16-21%[1]. In recent years, the frequency of combined preeclampsia has increased (about 70%) [ 2].

Scorpion sting induced Myocarditis, Hyperpyrexia and convulsion: - A Case report

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001129

Scorpion envenomation is a public health problem, common in certain areas of the world including Middle East, Latin America, Asia and Africa. In tropical and sub-tropical regions, scorpion stings are considered one of the most important health challenges. (4) In 2018, WHO reported that the truth of scorpion sting envenoming is not known because many cases do not seek medical attention and envenoming accidents occur in villages of tropical and subtropical countries, it has been estimated that there are approximately 1.23 million stings per year. (9) Scientists are very keen on treating, reporting and studying the snake bite than scorpion envenoming. (4, 7) Scorpion sting is ignored because of unknown prevalence and high number of low income countries.

Stress, Resilience, and Self-efficacy among University/College Students during COVID-19 pandemic

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001128

From the initial phase of covid 19 pandemic ,globally the economical, psychosocial, occupational and academic domains have been adversely affected where prevention of spread of disease through lockdowns has further restricted the general population.in this period of chaos, the daily life activities especially have been negatively changed where many higher institutions carried on online learning to ensure effective academic deliverance despite being inexperienced in this new mode of teaching. UNICEF revealed that 90% of countries employed broadcast and digital learning during this pandemic [1,2,3], according to United Nations

Investigation of Demographic Characteristics of Essential Hypertension Patients Admitted to Cumhuriyet University Health Services Practice and Research Hospital

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001127

Hypertension (HT) is an important health problem that causes many serious events such as early mortality, decreased quality of life and increased health expenditures (1). If HT cannot be treated successfully due to the clinical picture it creates, it causes serious organ damage (2,3). When the demographic characteristics of hypertensive individuals are examined, it is seen that blood pressure is affected by factors such as geographical, ethnic and gender (4). It is recommended that those with a history of diabetes or cardiovascular disease are among the most risky groups for the development of HT, and that people with at least one of these diseases should be screened regularly for HT (5).

Postpartum Hemorrhage Complicated by Pan-hypopituitarism: Sheehan’s Syndrome; Case Report, 2022

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001126

Sheehan's syndrome is hypopituitarism due to postpartum ischemic necrosis of the pituitary gland and was first described in 1937 by Sheehan [1]. It is rare complication which occurs in 1 out of every 100,000 births globally and is the most common cause of hypopituitarism in low- or middle-income countries [2, 3]. The prevalence is much high- er in developing countries, as high as 3.1% in India where more than half of the affected individuals had home deliveries [4].

Exuberant molluscum contagiosum in HIV disease

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001125

A 36-year-old female presented with multiple skin-colored nodules around the eyes associated with difficulty in vision from right eye for five months (Panel A and B). She also gave history of significant weight loss. There was no history of high-risk sexual behavior, intravenous drug abuse, or blood transfusion. Bedside Tzanck smear showed multiple Henderson Peterson bodies. Lab investigations revealed HIV positive status with a CD4 count of 98 cells/μl. She was diagnosed as giant molluscum contagiosum (MC) in a HIV positive patient.

The Different Locations for collecting blood sample from the heart of Red Sokoto GOAT- A Clinical Approach

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001124

In Nigeria, goats are the most numerous of all types of livestock numbering about 27.6 million (FOS, 1986). The animals are primarily for meat production. The Federal Ministry of Agriculture (FMA, 1981) estimated that goats contributed about 17 per cent (65 000 tonnes) of the total meat supply in Nigeria. Of the three breeds of goats in Nigeria Red Sokoto is the predominant and the most widely used and distributed breed in the northern savannah belts of the country (Ngere et al, 1984).

Modeling of heat transfer and Hydraulic Resistance of an intensified Turbu-lent flow of liquid or gas in pipes with annular Turbulators

Editorial

The problem of reducing the mass and size heat exchangers is urgent. Enhancement of convective heat transfer processes is a promising means for solving this problem. At present, different methods of heat transfer enhancement in channels have been proposed and studied. Heat transfer in tubes at flow of heat-carries with constant thermal properties in conditions of heat transfer enhancement is simulated on the basis of a four-layer scheme of turbulent flow. From numer- ous results of the previous researches it is known, that at the definite depth of cavities roughness (smaller than 20 thicknesses of a viscous sublayer), i.e. at regime of a developed roughness, the fixed vortical flow with regular vortexes is observed

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001123

Medication Adherence: Fact or Fictions?

Editorial

Proper use of medicine or taking medicine in correct order is essential to cure any disease. According to the WHO, lack of adherence to treatment regimens leads to major problems among patients, mostly with chronic illnesses. "Right administration" depends on at least 5 right factors--right patient, right drug, right time, right dose and right route [1]. "Medicines won't work if you don't take it right"--This simple fact is not understood by most people in the world, as a result still more than half of the patients with chronic diseases in the developed world do not take their medicine correctly-says WHO [2].

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001122

Steatohepatitic variant of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. “Wolf in a sheep’s clothing” - A Case report and review of literature

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001121

HCC is the most common malignant tumour of the liver accounting for 85-90% of all primary liver cancers.1 HCC shows an increasing incidence worldwide in both the developed and developing nations.2 It is the fifth most common cancer and the second most frequent cause of cancer mortality.3 The prevalence of HCC is high in Asia and Africa when compared to rest of the world.1 Etiological association with chronic viral hepatitis (HBV and HCV) and ALD (alcoholic liver disease) are well documented.2 Recently, NAFLD and NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) have also been implicated in the development of cirrhosis and HCC.4 Several co-factors like genetic susceptibility,

Elevated factor VIII Case report: A complicating factor for acute Coronary Syndrome

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001120

Atherothrombosis is the main cause of coronary syndrome, due to the presence of classic cardiovascular risk factors. In some patients, other factors can be responsible for arterial or venous thrombosis. The presence of other thrombophilic risk factors such as high homocysteine, Factor VIII (FVIII), lupus anticoagulant and genetic polymorphisms of hemostatic factors (Factor II and Factor V Leiden) should be suspected as responsible or adjuvant mechanism (1,2,3). FVIII is an essential cofactor in the coagulation cascade; FVIII overexpression can trigger thrombotic disorders and complicate acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Is my profession a risk for my lungs? - Unusual case of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001119

A 68-year-old male was referred to the pulmonary clinic with progressive shortness of breath (SOB) for the last six months. The SOB has worsened in the two months prior to his presentation. His SOB was exertional, especially when he climbed stairs. He had undergone an extensive workup for cardiac causes, but the results were negative for such causes. The patient never smoked and reported no industrial exposure, pets, or pigeons at home. No other exposure history to any organic or inorganic agents was reported based on a detailed structured questionnaire.

Hemifacial Microsomia: Case series and overview

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001118

A 15 years old female was referred to department of Radio-diagnosis for cross-sectional Non-contrast CT scan of Face with 3D reconstruction by department of plastic surgery. Patient has complaints of facial asymmetry with skin tags in right pre-auricular region since birth (Figure 1 and 2). NCCT with 3D reconstruction reveals small sized right mandibular ramus, and both right condylar and coronoid process however condylar process articulating with glenoid fossa with reduced right temporomandibular joint as compared to left side (Figure).

Nutrition during pregnancy in the Eritrean context

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001117

A woman’s nutritional status prior to and during pregnancy influences the baby’s and her own health. A woman's nutritional status should be assessed preconceptionally with the goal of optimizing maternal, fetal, and infant health. Pregnancy-related dietary changes should begin prior to conception, with appropriate modifications across preg- nancy and during lactation. During pregnancy, women should eat an extra meal per day (in their second and third trimester, no extra needed in the first one) as well as reduce physical workload during the final months of pregnancy in order to gain enough weight. The recommended intake is adding 0, 340, and 452 kcal/day to the estimated nonpregnant energy requirements in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively

OUTPATIENT STENTING OF POST SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY LEAKS

BRIEF REPORT

Between January and June 2022, 2 patients, a 34- year-old-man and a 22 year-old- woman, presented, one month and 4 months respec- tively, following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, a type II (1) gastric leak documented on CT scan. The 2 patients were directly addressed for endoscopic internal drainage of the leak. The orifice of the leak was identified under the gastroesophageal junction and catheterized, under endoscopic guidance by a guidewire, followed by the introduction of a 7Fr,7 cm plastic pancreatic endoprosthesis (Geenen pancreatic stent, Cook, Limerick) in the anomalous tract. (Figure 1) Patients were discharged directly after the procedure. Oral antibiotic was prescribed as well as early soft oral alimentation.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001116

Female Runner with An Elevated Troponin

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001115

45-year-old female runner with a past medical history of hypertension presented to the Emergency Department with sudden onset subster- nal chest pain and diaphoresis after one of her usual running sessions. EKG showed normal sinus rhythm with nonspecific T-wave changes. Initial troponin I was 1.16 ng/mL, she was admitted to the Coronary Care Unit and started on a heparin drip. Her troponin I peaked at 38 ng/mL. Coronary angiography was performed the following day which suggested Type II spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) involving the obtuse marginal artery.

Asymptomatic Osteoid osteoma in the Mandible - A Case Report

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001114

Osteoid osteoma is defined as benign neoplasm1. It is the third most common benign bone tumor and account for 10-14% of all benign bone tumors after enchondroma and non-ossifying fibroma 2. They occur most often in the lower extremities of the appendicular skeleton (80%) 3. Their occurrence in the craniofacial skeleton is exceptionally rare 3,4. The lesions are often symptomatic, and patients seek medical help due to pain. Young adults under 30 years of age are usually affect- ed 2,3.

PREDICTING OF ENROLLMENT AS A PART OF RISK-BASED MANAGEMENT OF CLINICAL TRIALS

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001113

An obligatory stage before starting a clinical trial is to conduct a study of the capabilities of clinical centers to implement the protocol - feasibility (Kibby M., 2011). The same author talks about the flexibility of the concept of feasibility from sponsor to sponsor. Poorly conducted feasibility study is a barrier to patient recruitment (Parke J, 2022) and undergones the study to risk to be failure. Risks which might be raised during the clinical trial is accepted by clini- cal trials stakeholders and graduated accordingly (Risk classification guide, 2022).

Antibacterial activity of dew and Acacia gum on biofilm forming of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001112

Waterborne and foodborne diseases have emerged as the major public health concerns across the globe. Food-borne diseases are major health problems both in developed and developing countries (Abunna et al.2016). Utilization of foods and water contaminated with certain food and water pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, and viruses, is con- sidered as a major source of foodborne illness human. Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes, are the most frequently reported foodborne pathogens from different parts of the world (Hoiby et al.2010 and Hassett et al. 2010).

Tuberculosis in Peritoneal Dialysis patients: A Diagnostic challenge.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001111

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a contagious infectious illness caused by a tuberculosis complex mycobacterium, primarily Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Koch's bacillus (KB) [1]. It is still a huge public health issue across the world, particularly in underdeveloped nations [2]. It is commonly seen in people with CKD. Peritoneal localization, which is generally uncommon, has become a significant type in peritoneal dialysis patients [3]. Positive diagnosis is challenging in this popula- tion due to the non-specific clinical presentation [4].

Physical examination – A key for giant cell Arteritis Early Diagnosis

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001110

A 76-year-old woman presented to our hospital in August 2021 with severe right sided headache, jaw claudication and recurrent episodes of transient visual loss, with blurred vision, a floating shadow, and flashing lights, lasting less than 2 minutes. She reported no previous medical history.

Cutaneous Metastases of Ampullary Adenocarcinoma: Case report and literature review

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001109

A 64-year-old woman known for stage IIA (pT3 pN0 M0) ampullary adenocarcinoma with pancreatobiliary phenotype, underwent Whipple procedure in September 2014 and received gemcitabine as adjuvant chemotherapy. In July 2018, she developed systemic recurrence with mediastinal disease and superior vena cava syndrome and received first-line palliative chemotherapy with cisplatin/5-fluorouracil (5FU), the best response was stable disease. In October 2020 she presented with a 2-month history of rapidly growing scalp lesions on the occipital and left parietal region.

AS PARA NEOPLASTIC SYNDROME OPSOCLONUS MYOCLONUS ATAXIA [OMA]

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001108

OMA is seen in 1 in 10 lakh people.It is manifested with chaotic move- ments of eyeballs,Myoclonic jerks and/or Tremor and ataxia both appendicular and truncal.In the children it is associated with Neu- roblastoma and in adults 50%associated with CA breast or small cell carcinoma of the lung.Anti RI antibodies are associated in 60 to 70 % of OMA associated with CA breast. These are the antibodies targetted against Nova 1 and Nova 2[1].

Role of general Practitioners Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in prevention and control of Epidemic Situation

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001107

Novel coronavirus pneumonia has been found in Wuhan, Hubei since the end of December 2019, and has gradually spread through- out the country. In order to control the new epidemic situation, the country launched a major public health level 1 emergency response, implemented nationwide traffic control and travel restrictions, and required the masses to be isolated at home and spread the way to re- duce the chance of infection; general practitioners, as the “gatekeep- er” of community health, gave full play to their continuous man- agement and service of patients in community places during the epidemic period.

Point-of-Care Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Management of Chlamydia-Associated Reactive Arthritis with Isolated Peroneal Tenosynovitis

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001106

Chlamydia reactive arthritis most commonly presents as an asym- metric oligoarthritis with lower extremity predominance1. It can have a poor prognosis due to reinfection, variable clinical manifestations, and overlap with other common inflammatory arthropathies. Al- though magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used to evaluate joint effusions, the average wait times have exceeded two to four weeks with costs ranging between $300-$5,000 dollars2. Point-of-care ultra- sound (POCUS) can be used as an efficient diagnostic resource while navigating through the list of differential diagnoses3.

Urinary Incontinence after Retained Lumbar Drainage Catheter: A Case Study

Case Study

Lumbar external drainage (LED) is one of the most frequently used salvage methods in neurosurgery. This method helps to prevent CSF fistula in patients with risk of developing rhi- norrhea. This report describes a case of a mechanic complication due to the lumbar drainage system. A 54-year-old woman presented to the otolaryngology clinic with a complaint of nasal congestion. Radiological imaging revealed meningocele. During the endoscopic meningocele repair performed by otolaryngology clinic, cerebrospi- nal fluid leak was observed. Following the repair of the meningo- cele sac, a LED was inserted into the patient’s lumbar subarachnoid space to prevent cerebrospinal fluid fistula.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001105

CA Success Story of a Woman Medical Physicist in the Middle East

Opinion

Most of us pictures the Middle East as a region having conservative culture where women are considered second class citizens and men dominates the professionals in whatever field it may be. Not to men- tion the common misconception elsewhere that women are oppressed in this part of the world, many of us thinks that middle eastern women have a very limited opportunity when it comes to professional career and they are thought to be better off staying at home taking care of the household.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001104

Eosinophilia After Exposure to Darbepoetin alfa: A Case Report

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001103

Darbepoetin alfa stimulates erythropoiesis in manner similar to re- combinant human erythropoietin (rEPO). It differs from rEPO as there are two additional oligosaccharide chains in darbepoetin alfa.1 These two chains increase the number of sialic acid residues within the molecule, thereby enhancing its half-life three-fold compared to rEPO.1 U.S. Food and Drug Administration label for Darbepoetin alfa indicates that allergic rash and erythema can occurred in 5% of patients taking darbepoetin alfa,2 which may be due to the immuno- genic nature of darbepoetin alfa owing to different amino acid and oligosaccharide chain sequences (compared to endogenous EPO and rEPO).

A New Strategy to Build Culture of Compassion in Nursing Practice

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001102

Values are generally defined as beliefs or principles that influence behaviour. Following several reports that revealed poor care quality with an apparent lack of compassion, England's Department of Health (DH) introduced the ‘6Cs’ as values for practice within a new nursing strategy. In 2016, the 6Cs were included in the new framework for nursing (1). This article sets out the background to the 6Cs, considers other sets of values relevant to nursing practice and theories of caring, and then explores the meaning of the DH’s 6Cs in detail.

CIUs as a Measure of Communicative Performance in a Persian Speaker with Anomic Aphasia

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.03.001101

Aphasia is an acquired neurological language disorder, primarily due to brain injury caused by stroke, which affects language comprehen- sion and production. Anomia is a type of aphasia, which according to American Hearing and Speech Association (ASHA) is defined as a mild form of aphasia with word-finding difficulty being the main characteristic. Individuals with anomic aphasia have relatively pre- served speech fluency, repetition, comprehension, and grammatical speech but sometimes have difficulty with word retrieval (Dronkers & Baldo, 2010)

Incidental Finding of Lumbar Rib

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001100

An incidental finding of “thirteenth” or “lumbar” rib was discovered upon radiological imaging. An oblique radiograph shows the costo- vertebral articulation (Figure 1., white arrow) between the first lumbar vertebra and the rib. Axial CT also demonstrates the articulation as well (Figure 2., white arrow). Three-dimensional volume rendered CT provides a clear view of the bony architecture of the spine (Figures 3 and 4).

Pyrimidine Metabolism-related gene RRM2 as a novel biomarker for Prognosis and immu- notherapy in LUAD

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001097

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), which accounts for 40% of lung can- cers, is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a low aver- age 5-year survival rate (about 20%) [1] [2] [3]. To promote tumor growth, tumor cells initiate a unique metabolic program [4] [5]. This is not only conducive to the unlimited proliferation of tumor cells, but also shapes a unique immune microenvironment, affecting the com- position and biological functions of immune cells in the microenvi- ronment [6] [7].

Total Knee Arthroplasty: Socioeconomic Disparities of Post-Operative Complications

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001096

A 2018 American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons report predicts that TKA rates will increase by 189% in 2030 and by 382% in 2060.2 Current projections are that by 2030, there will be 935,000 primary TKAs annually.1 Healthcare disparities continue to be a concern for total knee arthroplasties (TKAs), and given the anticipated increase of TKAs, these disparities need to be addressed. Elderly patients un- dergoing TKA, such as the Medicare beneficiaries analyzed in this study, have an increased perioperative risk and require close interdis- ciplinary cooperation for success. For these patients, post-operative function depends significantly upon psychosocial factors in addition to a patient’s preoperative health status.

PREVALENCEOF SACROILIAC JOINT DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH LUMBAR DISC HER- NIATION

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001095

In individuals with low back pain, sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is the most common pain causing joint (1). SIJ is developed by the junction be- tween iliac bone and sacral bone. Association between two bones, muscles and ligaments provide the stability to the joint. This joint is the largest joint of body with a diameter of 17.5 cm2 (2). Low back pain approximately affects 80% of the population. It is extremely com- mon and thus continues to affect millions of people every year. It is a difficult condition to treat effectively and so it causes a huge financial burden on the patients as well as the hospitals.

Evaluation of the Relationship between the Adherence to the Treatments of Individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and their Attitudes Towards Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the COVID-19 Pandemic

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001094

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the im- portant causes of morbidity and mortality among chronic diseases. Periods of exacerbation seen during the disease process can cause progression of the disease, increase in health expenditures and mor- tality (1). The leading cause of COPD exacerbations is the occurrence of tracheobronchial infections. Viral agents are shown as the source of tracheobronchial infections (2). All these data; It predicts that in- dividuals with COPD may be adversely affected by the new type of coronavirus (COVID-19).

Monogenic systemic lupus erythematosus associated with DNASE1 gene mutation: a case report and literature review

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001093

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in children is an autoimmune disease that can involve multiple systems, and its pathogenesis is genetically related, with single mutations causing the disease being extremely rare [1]. No cases of SLE associated with mutations in the deoxyribonuclease 1 (DNASE1) gene have been reported in China, and only four cases have been reported abroad [2-3]. One case of monogenic SLE in a young child associated with DNASE1 mutation was diagnosed in our hospital through clinical features, autoantibody examination and genetic testing, and the diagnosis and treatment of this case are reported below.

A New Strategy to Build Culture of Compassion in Nursing Practice

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001092

Two case reports of successful Endovascular treatment of Vertebrobasilar insufficiency: A Case of an incomplete Balint syndrome and recurrent Vertebrobasilar stroke

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001091

High-grade vertebrobasilar insufficiency is an important cause of posterior circulation stroke. It is characterized by symptoms such as ataxia, diplopia, hemianopia, cranial nerve palsies and decreased level of consciousness. Among rare clinical presentations, Balint syndrome consists of the triad of simultanagnosia, oculomotor apraxia and optic ataxia. It is frequently associated with bilateral ischemic parieto-occip- ital lesions or some neurodegenerative diseases.

A Rare form of Urinary tract Infection in a Transplanted patient

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001090

A 62-years-old woman with end-stage renal disease received a 2nd kid- ney transplant. The early post-transplant period was complicated with lymphocele formation, causing bladder and ureteric compression, and left iliac vein thrombosis. The lymphocele was initially treated with local drainage and warfarin was also initiated for vein thrombosis. After two months the patient presented with worsening kidney func- tion and reformation of lymphocele.

Eosinophilic Myocarditis presenting with progressive Cardiac Cachexia

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001089

Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare hematologic disorder characterized by persistent overproduction of eosinophils causing multiple organ damage (1). Cardiac involvement in HES is frequent, found in approximately 50% of patients with HES, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates (2-4). It is caused by eosino- phil infiltration of the endomyocardium with subsequent tissue dam- age and endomyocardial fibrosis (5).

BLUE NEVUS: A CASE REPORT

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001088

Oral melanocytic nevi (OMNs) are rare and benign melanocytic tu- mors [2, 5, 7, 11]. Long associated with hamartomas, melanocytic nevi are now considered as neoplasms [7]. OMNs can be congenital or acquired. They are classified histologically as junctional, compound, intradermal, combined and blue. This classification is correlated with the location, morphology of the cells and their distribution [2,7].

Digital phantoms for evaluating the dosimetric Impact of MRI Geometric inaccuracy in SBRT planning for liver cancer in the presence of motion

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001087

Recent advances in radiation therapy have placed Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) as a superior therapeutic option for the treatment of various tumors especially in the liver compared to other RT techniques [1 - 5]. SBRT has shown a sustain improvement of local control rates of tumors that are subject to motion.

An Unusual cause of Pelvic Pain: Giant Rectosigmoid Lithobezoar in a big Child

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001086

We report the case of a rectosigmoid lithobezoar. He was a 10 years old boy, without any particular history, who was seen in consultation for pelvic pain and difficulty to defecate. The examination revealed a firm mass in the left iliac fossa and hypogastrium. On rectal examina- tion, a firm, friable formation with telluric debris on the glove was found.

Perspectives of Jaundice and Implications

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001085

Jaundice involves yellowing of the skin, whites of the eyes, and body fluids. It is as a result of high level of bilirubin in the blood [1]. The bilirubin simply is a yellow pigment that is generated from haem me- tabolism, mainly from haemoglobin in red blood cells (RBCs). This bilirubin is moved by the blood to the liver, where it is linked with a sugar by an enzyme through conjugation so that it can be excreted in bile, which later reach the small intestine. It has been reported that jaundice may result from a problem at any point in the pathway es- pecially increased breakdown of RBC, liver dysfunction or problems with excretion of bile [2].

Diffuse biliary papillomatosis (IPNB) associated with IPNM : a case report

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001083

Biliary papillomatosis is a rare event. It concerns the biliary epithelium. The definition of the World Health Organization is the presence of multifocal papillary lesions on intra hepatic and/or extrahepatic bile ducts 1. There is a risk of malignant transformation. The papillary lesions are producing mucus conducting to biliary obstruction. Right hypochondrium pain and jaundice are the more frequent symptoms.

Evaluation of predictive factors associated with prognosis of patients with Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma receiving transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization

Original article

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs most often in underlying chronic liver diseases including advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis, which is usually related to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, prolonged alcohol use, or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.1.2 The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system can be used to assess therapeutic options,3 such as transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), which is recommended as the treatment modality for intermediate stage, or BCLC stage B, HCC.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001082

Negative Pressure Wound Therapy for Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Head and Neck: A Case Report

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001081

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is an acute severe infection of the superficial fascia that rapidly progresses, causing fascial necrosis with serious damage to the surrounding skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, and soft tissue. It can be caused by polymicrobial bacteria including mixed aerobic and anaerobic species. The incidence rate of NF is approximately 3.5–4 cases per 100,000 people. Among them, cervical NF accounts for only approximately 5%.

MALIGNANT MASQUERADE – PROXIMAL TO THE HILUM

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001080

Cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive malignancy and a challenging disease to treat, with available literature emphasizing on surgical resection, newer imaging modalities, adjuvant therapy, and palliative therapy, but just establishing a tissue diagnosis itself is the most complex problem before treating such tumors especially in proximally located hilar biliary stricture.

PANCREATICOPLEURAL FISTULA: REVISITING A RARE COMPLICATION

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001079

Pancreatic fistula is a rare complication of acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic trauma. It develops because of pancreatic ductal disruption or rupture of a pseudocyst. Pancreatic ascites develops due to free secretion of pancreatic juice into peritoneal cavity . Its challenging to diagnose this rare complication and even more challenging to treat it adequately . Left pleura is the most common location for pancreatic fistula followed by right pleura and both pleural cavities.

Gut microbiota and Intestinal Immune systems -Immune control functions via short-chain fatty acids, Amino acid metabolites and Bile acids

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001078

Intestinal environments, including gut microbiota, are deeply involved in the developments and control of intestinal immune systems. Gut microbiota exerts various actions on immune cells through bacterial cell components and metabolites produced by the bacteria.

Acute Kidney injury and COVID-19 infection

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001077

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infection that has been one of the most frequently discussed medical as a socio-economic issues over the past two years. Common risk factors for COVID-19 infection and its severe course include age, race, male gender, chronic lung disease, cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), immunode- ficiency, kidney and liver disease, obesity/overweight, smoking and polypharmacy.

To determine sensitivity of diffusion weighted imaging for diagnosis of hepatocellular car- cinoma, keeping the dynamic post contrast MRI as gold standard.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001076

There is increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide, being the fifth commonest cancer and holds being the sec- ond commonest reason of cancer death [1]. It is alarmingly on rise in Pakistan [2, 3]. Multiple risk factors for HCC have been documented worldwide, a few include alcohol, hepatitis B and C viral infection and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). With current disease load it is crucial to accurately diagnose HCC at the early stage for reduc- ing the morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis is the rate limiting step in the disease burden.

The using of biphasic calcium sulfate in two-stage treatment of odontogenic fibroma of the mandible – case report

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001075

Among the patients of the Oral Surgery Department, a significant per- centage are people requiring treatment due to the diagnosis of odon- togenic cysts in the jaw bones. Most of these cysts, of various etiolo- gies, require surgical treatment. The most common lesions of various origins include the germinal cyst, while the broadly understood root cyst, as a chronic inflammatory pathological condition, may constitute the highest percentage of recognizable lesions of this type in the jaw bones. Statistically, it is over 60% of odontogenic cysts and over 50% of bone cysts[1,2].

Dietary Mineral Imbalance among Primary School Children in Benghazi

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001074

Childhood is the entire blueprint of an individual's future life, evi- dences show that experiences in early and middle childhood are extremely important for a child’s healthy development and lifelong learning. How a child develops during this time affects future cog- nitive, social, emotional, language, and physical development, which in turn influences school readiness and later success in life 1-3

Chronic GI Bleeding as the Only Presenting Sign of AML in an Elderly Patient

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001073

While acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a common type of leukemia in adults, it is a relatively rare cancer diagnosis overall, re- sponsible for only one percent of adult cancer deaths in the United States.1-3 AML stems from the malignant clonal expansion of undif- ferentiated myeloid precursor cells, resulting in ineffective hematopoi- esis and bone marrow failure.1,2 The production of malfunctioning white blood cells can cause cytopenia’s, creating downstream symp- toms related to anemia and thrombocytopenia.1-4 However, a handful of individuals may be asymptomatic upon diagnosis with isolated lab abnormalities.

SPONTANEOUS REGRESSION OF ELTROMBOPAG INDUCED BONE MARROW FIBROSIS, IN A PATIENT WITH CHRONIC IMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001072

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disor- der that lessens the production of platelets. ITP is a syndrome char- acterized by: (i) thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 100,000/ mm3); (ii) shortened platelet survival; (iii) presence of antiplatelet an- tibody in the plasma; (iv) normal or increased megakaryocytes in the bone marrow [1]. Patients are over 60 years of age with no predilection for sex and the chronic form being the most common.

Postpartum Depression: A Comprehensive Review

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001071

Postpartum depression is a form of depression, a mental illness, dis- covered to be common lately in birth mothers affecting roughly 15% to a minimum of 10%. Such a period is very critical due to its nature and effect on Mother-baby bonding and Child’s long-term Devel- opment. However, following depressions are found to be very inad- equately diagnosed and nursed. According to the survey carried out in this regard revealed that halves of such conditions are unidentified by concerned Practitioners or medical Professionals in-charge and revealed that most of the diagnosed mothers, do not follow recom- mended treatment accordingly.

Prevalence of cervical epithelial cell dysfunction in Papanicolaou smears reports in low-risk population referred to Imam Reza hospital

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001070

Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable malignancies among human cancers. Infection of the uterine cervix with human papilloma- virus (HPV) is the main causative agent of cervical cancer [1]. About 15 high-risk types of human papilloma virus have been identified, which are responsible for cervical neoplasia and other related cancers [2]. Cervical cancer with worldwide distribution, though a prevent- able disease, is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women.

The Effect of Gestational Diabetes on the α7 and α4 Subtypes of nAChRs in Human Placenta

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001069

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is developed among those preg- nant women with inadequate pancreas function that cannot overcome resistance to insulin [1]. GDM increases blood glucose level that can be initiated or diagnosed for the first time in pregnancy. It was esti- mated that diabetes affects up to 15 % of pregnant women worldwide [2]. Moreover, its prevalence is increasing in all parts of the world [3].

Myocardial infarction following COVID-19 vaccination

Short Communications

The rapidly spreading COVID-19 virus has killed millions(1). Vac- cination is the best way to prevent severe illness and death(2). Local reactions at the injection site and nonspecific systemic effects (myal- gia, chills, fatigue, headache, and fever) are common side effects of this vaccine(3).

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001068

MAIN LEFT CORONARY PRINZMETAL ANGINA: A RARE CAUSE OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL IN- FARCTION AND DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001067

Prinzmetal's Angina is a rare cause of chest pain. It occurs when a cor- onary artery goes into spasm, usually among young patients leading to angina pectoris with electrocardiographic changes. 1The spasm can be focal or diffuse and affect the epicardial or microvascular coronary arteries, in addition there is a risk of sudden death, acute coronary syndrome, syncope and arrhythmias.

Clinicopathological analysis of 20 cases of subcutaneous sarcoidosis in South Korea

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001066

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unclear ori- gin.1 The diagnosis of sarcoidosisis well established when clinical and radiological findings are supported by histological evidence of non- caseating granulomas in one or more tissues.2 It involves mainly the lungs, mediastinal and peripheral lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes and parotid glands.

Effects Of Ethnicity On Allogenic Stem Cell Mobilization

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001065

Allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT) is a treatment method for var- ious malignant and non-malignant hematologic disorders. The plu- ripotent hematopoietic stem cells are usually obtained from the bone marrow or peripheral blood of a donor. The results of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) compatible sibling are much better.

PAEDIATRIC CUTANEOUS MASTOCYTOSIS : REPORT OF 3 CASES

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001064

Mastocytosis is characterized by an abnormal mast cell infiltrates. It can occur at any age. Severity of this disease ranges from fleetingly benign to aggressively malignant contitions. Cutaneous mastocytosis is most common in children. About 50% of affected children develop typical skin lesions before the age of 6 months.

Sickle cell disease and projection into future in African patients living in France, born in Africa and those born in France from African Parents

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001063

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a serious chronic disease that manifests itself from early childhood with intense pain, chronic anemia, infec- tions to which can be added acute and chronic complications affecting the brain, heart, lungs, and kidneys, among others. All organs can be affected. A genetic disease, it is transmitted to the child by both par- ents, each carrying the S gene for sickle cell disease.

A Technique for Prosthetically Aligning Multiple Non-Parallel Implants

Technique

Placing implants in a proper prosthetic position and direction is es- sential to achieve a successful long-lasting restoration.1 However, this is sometimes difficult to achieve because of anatomical or technical difficulties and angled abutments are required to correct the unfavor- able alignment.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001062

Importance of Maintaining and Improving Immune Function by Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001061

In early December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease, designated as COVID-19, came into light in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China. With the first pneumonia cases of unknown origin being identified, it has be- come a pandemic worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it as a potential threat to the world population, and a pub- lic health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020.

Combined cervical laceration and bladder rupture: a case report of an unusual complica- tion of precipitated labor

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001060

Spontaneous bladder rupture following normal vaginal delivery is a surgical postpartum emergency. Previous cesarean section, vacuum/ forceps-assisted vaginal deliveries, and distended bladder compressed by engaged head in birth canal are all risk factors for bladder injuries in healthy parturient women 1.

Research Progress of Rhubarb in the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001056

Liver fibrosis is the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins including collagen that occurs in most types of chronic liver diseases.It is a complex disease centered on the activation of hepatic stellate cells and regulated by a variety of cell signal transduction pathways.Advanced liver fibrosis can results in cir - rhosis, liver failure, and portal hypertension.

Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy Discectomy for High Grade Migrated Lumbar Disk Herniation with a Homemade Guider

Case Presentation

Compared with open lumbar disk herniation discectomy, percutane- ous endoscopic discectomy(PED)has advantages of smaller incision and faster recovery in the treatment of lumbar disk herniation. Al- though successful results have been achieved with the improvement of technology and equipment, the application of PED to treat high- migrated disc herniation is still technical challenging.

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001055

Development of a novel dental thermal imaging application

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001054

Thermography is a process where a (thermal) camera captures and generates an image by using infrared radiation, emitted from an ob- ject [1]. The image provides an opportunity to visibly record invisible (to the human eye) infrared energy or heat. Thermography is non- invasive, non-contact, user-friendly and a portable imaging method and has been used in various industrial fields, such as engineering and construction.

Retained Severed Radial Arterial Catheter

DOI: 10.55920/IJCIMR.2022.02.001053

The radial artery is the most frequently utilized site for arterial can- nulation due to accessibility and safety, with approximately 8 million catheters placed per year in the USA.1 Radial artery cannulation is associated with a major complication rate of less than 1%. While the most common complication is temporary occlusion (19%), common complications such as thrombosis.

Validation of regional wall motion abnormality assessment methods based on coronary CT- angiography with left ventricular function regarding prediction of hemodynamically rel- evant stenoses with instantaneous wave-free ratio